Wedding centerpiece height

16” is perfectly fine. I think the centerpiece vase will look just fine.

No, this will obstruct your guests view at a round or rectangular table. You can add 3-5" on top to assume flowers, but that would make max height at 20". You should ideally go for low, under 12", or higher than 24". Sit across from your partner and try it with a wine bottle at 12" height with opaque sheet of paper width wise, adding 8.5". Can you see your FS?

Average sight line is about 13-16” above the table so anything taller than 10” will obstruct views across the table. You will have guests remove the centerpieces on their own because they are too tall to see others and carry on any conversation.